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Geography of Sweden

Sweden, officially known as the Kingdom of Sweden, is one of the European countries, and its capital is the city of Stockholm. The following is a review of the most important geographical information about it: 

• Geographical location: Sweden is located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in northern Europe . 
• Astronomical position: Sweden is located at latitude ("54.01' 11°62") degrees north, and longitude ("1.91'34°17) degrees east.
• Area: 447,425 square kilometers.
• Height above sea level: Sweden is considered a relatively low area; Its average height is 320 metres.
• Borders: Sweden shares its land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast. As for its maritime borders, it shares it with Denmark, Germany, Poland, Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia.
• Climate: Sweden's climate is considered moderate in relation to its geographical location. Large parts of it enjoy a moderate climate, thanks to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its influence by the warm Gulf Stream. As for the mountainous regions in the north of the country, they enjoy a subarctic climate, and summer temperatures in Sweden reach 20 degrees Celsius, while the temperature drops in winter to reach Below -30°C. 

A brief history of Sweden

Below is a review of some information about the history of Sweden:

• The mention of Sweden was linked in ancient times to the Vikings , who appeared in the ninth century and controlled large parts of northern Europe. Later, Sweden became one of the Christian kingdoms in Europe.
• In 1397 AD, Sweden joined the Kalmar Union with Denmark, Norway, and Finland. This union was led by Queen Margherita I of Denmark, but Sweden later left the union.
• In the sixth century AD, attempts appeared to re-establish the Kalmar Union, but King Gustav I of Sweden resisted to preserve his country's independence, worked to establish the Sweden we know in our contemporary world today, and separated from the Catholic Church through the Reformation (Protestant Reformation) movement that Europe witnessed.
• By the seventeenth century, Sweden assumed an important position and reached the height of its power. One manifestation of this was its control and influence in Denmark, Russia, Finland, and northern Germany. However, this position declined after its loss of the Great Northern War, which broke out in the year 1700 and was fought against by Russia. Poland, and Denmark.
• In the wake of the Napoleonic Wars, Sweden lost Finland after Russia took control of it in 1809 AD, but it was able to control Norway, which remained subordinate to Sweden until it gained independence from it in 1905.
• In 1995, Sweden became a member of the European Union, but it retained its currency, the Swedish Krona, instead of the euro.

Population in Sweden

We mention about them:

• Estimates for the year 2023 indicate that the population of Sweden is 10,565,000 million people, and it is one of the least populated European countries.
• In the past, the majority of Sweden's population lived in rural areas, but the country's industrial boom in the twentieth century caused many to migrate to the larger cities, specifically Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö.
• In the 1930s, a special social welfare system appeared in Sweden, called the “Swedish Model,” under which Swedes were granted funded health care, financial subsidies for the unemployed, care for the elderly, children, and schools, in addition to a paid annual leave of no less than About 5 weeks.
• Swedish society includes minorities such as Finns and Samis (the indigenous people of the Finnish Lapland region), and immigrants in Sweden amount to 10% of the country's total population.
• As for the official language, it is Swedish, which is spoken by almost the entire Swedish population, and English is also used in the country.

Economy in Sweden

The Swedish economy is one of the richest economies in Europe, and the most important things we mention about it are:

• Sweden has a mixed economic system; Where there is freedom to practice economic activities, in addition to the economy being subject at the same time to government regulation along with central economic planning.
• Furthermore, the Swedish economy is diversified and highly competitive; Sweden ranked 8th according to the 2023 Global Competitiveness Yearbook report, which included 64 economies around the world.
• In the year 2022, the GDP per capita in Sweden reached 55,482 US dollars, and official data issued by the World Bank showed that the GDP in Sweden reached 585.94 billion US dollars in the year 2022, and this value represents 0.25% of the global economy.
• Exports in Sweden constitute more than 45% of the GDP, and as for Sweden's trade with European Union countries, the volume of Sweden's exports in this trade amounts to 52% (most of which are directed to Germany, Denmark and Finland), while imports constitute 68%.
• In a related context, the sectors supporting the Swedish economy include: public administration, defence, education, health, social work, industry, wholesale and retail trade, transportation, housing, and food services.

Tourism in Sweden

Sweden is one of the destinations visited by millions of tourists annually. It is considered one of the countries prepared to receive them, including the Swedes’ welcoming of tourists, ease of transportation, in addition to Sweden enjoying a high level of safety, and the spread of the English language there. Also, other components of tourism in Sweden are that it is one of the most beautiful countries in the world. It contains more than 100,000 lakes, 29 national parks, and other tourist areas, such as:

• The port city of Ystad.
• Stockholm Archipelago .
• Delicious National Park.
• City of Uppsala.
• Gotland Island.
• Ice hotel.

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